Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)

This includes medical procedures used primarily to address infertility such as.

Intra uterine insemination (IUI)

This is where sperms are washed and concentrated. The concentrate is then introduced into the uterus (womb) by the doctor/ team member.

IVF (Invitro Fertilization)

Invitro fertilization is where eggs from the female are fertilized in the laboratory by sperms.

The resultant embryo is then re-introduced in her womb hence starting a pregnancy.

Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

This is a more advanced form of IVF where the male sperm is injected into the egg (ova). This is different from IVF discussed above because in a nature IVF the sperm and mixed with the egg and incubated. Naturally the sperms penetrate the egg but in ICSi the embryologist injects the sperm into the egg.

Donor Germ Cells

Here we get eggs or sperms from anonymous individual (donor) and this is used when process of fertilization. The resultant embryo is then used

Surrogacy.

This is when a different woman is used to carry the baby/babies of a couple. It commonly used in situations like

• The woman has severe medical condition not permitting her to carry a pregnancy.
• Woman has had extensive uterine surgery e.g., uterine removal due to different conditions like cancer or severe bleeding in previous child birth.